CSA

The Otu CSA (mbụ Association Canadian Standards Association; CSA), bụ ụlọ ọrụ ụkpụrụ anaghị akwụ ụgwọ nke na-emepụta ụkpụrụ na mpaghara 57. CSA na-ebipụta ụkpụrụ n'ụdị mbipụta na eletrọnịkị ma na-enye ọrụ ọzụzụ na ndụmọdụ. CSA bụ ndị nnọchi anya sitere na ụlọ ọrụ, gọọmentị, na otu ndị ahịa.

CSA malitere dị ka Canadian Engineering Standards Association (CESA) na 1919, gọọmenti etiti kwadoro ka ịmepụta ụkpụrụ. N'oge Agha Ụwa Mbụ, enweghị mmekọrịta dị n'etiti akụrụngwa teknụzụ butere nkụda mmụọ, mmerụ ahụ, na ọnwụ. Britain rịọrọ ka Canada guzobe kọmitii ụkpụrụ.

CSA kwadoro site na Standards Council of Canada, ụlọ ọrụ okpueze nke na-akwalite nhazi nke ọma na nke ọma na Canada. Nkwenye nke a na-egosi na CSA tozuru oke ịrụpụta ụkpụrụ mmepe na ọrụ asambodo, yana dabere na njirisi na usoro mba ụwa amatara.

Akara CSA edebanyere aha na-egosi na anwalela ngwaahịa n'onwe ya wee nweta asambodo iji zute ụkpụrụ amapụtara maka nchekwa ma ọ bụ arụmọrụ.

Abbreviation	CSA
ọzụzụ	1919
ụdị	Abughi uru-ahia
nzube	Nhazi usoro
isi ụlọ ọrụ	Ontario L4W 5N6 Canada
Nchịkọta	43.649442 ° N 79.607721 ° W
Mpaghara jere ozi	Canada, USA, Asia, Europe
Onye isi ala na onye isi ala	David Weinstein
Weebụsaịtị	www.csagroup.org

History

N'oge Agha Ụwa Mbụ, enweghị mmekọrịta dị n'etiti akụrụngwa teknụzụ butere nkụda mmụọ, mmerụ ahụ, na ọnwụ. Britain rịọrọ ka Canada guzobe kọmitii ụkpụrụ.

Sir John Kennedy dịka onye isi oche kọmitii ndụmọdụ ndị Canada nke injinia mere nyocha maka mkpa nke otu ụkpụrụ Canada nwere onwe ya. N'ihi ya, ndị Canadian Engineering Standards Association E hiwere (CESA) n'afọ 1919. CESA bụ nke gọọmentị etiti nyere ikike imepụta ụkpụrụ. Ná mmalite, ha na-aga maka mkpa ụfọdụ: akụkụ ụgbọ elu, àkwà mmiri, ihe owuwu ụlọ, ọrụ eletrik, na eriri waya. Ụkpụrụ mbụ CESA nyere bụ maka àkwà mmiri ụgbọ oloko ígwè, na 1920.

N'afọ 1927, CESA bipụtara Usoro Eletriki Canada, akwụkwọ nke ka bụ CSA kacha ere. Ịmenye koodu ahụ a na-akpọ maka nnwale ngwaahịa, na 1933, Hydro-Electric Power Commission nke Ontario ghọrọ naanị ebe a na-anwale ule na mba niile. N'afọ 1940, CESA weghaara ibu ọrụ maka ịnwale na ịdepụta ngwaahịa eletrik ezubere maka ọrịre na ntinye na Canada. A kpọgharịrị CESA aha Canadian Standards Association (CSA) na 1944. Ewebatara akara asambodo na 1946.

N'afọ ndị 1950, CSA hiwere njikọ aka mba ụwa na Britain, Japan, na Netherlands, iji gbasaa oke ya na nnwale na asambodo. Agbasawanye ụlọ nyocha ule site na nke mbụ ha na Toronto, gaa na ụlọ nyocha dị na Montreal, Vancouver na Winnipeg.

N'afọ ndị 1960, CSA mepụtara ụkpụrụ ahụike na nchekwa ọrụ nke mba, na-eke ụkpụrụ maka mkpuchi isi na akpụkpọ ụkwụ nchekwa. Ka ọ na-erule ngwụsị 1960s na mmalite 1970s, CSA malitere ịgbasa itinye aka ya na ụkpụrụ ndị ahịa, gụnyere ịnyịnya ígwè, kaadị kredit, na nkwakọ ngwaahịa ụmụaka na-eguzogide ọgwụ. Na 1984, CSA hiwere QMI, Quality Management Institute maka ndebanye aha nke ISO9000 na ụkpụrụ ndị ọzọ. Na 1999, CSA International hiwere iji nye ọrụ nnwale ngwaahịa na asambodo mba ụwa ebe CSA tụgharịrị uche ya na mmepe ụkpụrụ na ọzụzụ. Na 2001, a na-ejikọta ngalaba atọ a n'okpuru aha Otu CSA. Na 2004, ewepụtara OnSpeX dị ka ngalaba nke anọ nke CSA Group. N'afọ 2008, e rere QMI na SAI-Global maka nde $40. N'afọ 2009, CSA zụtara SIRA.

Mmepe ụkpụrụ

CSA dị iji mepụta ụkpụrụ. N'ime mpaghara iri ise na asaa dị iche iche nke ọpụrụiche bụ mgbanwe ihu igwe, njikwa azụmahịa na nchekwa na ụkpụrụ arụmọrụ, gụnyere ndị maka ngwa eletriki na eletrọnịkị, ngwa ụlọ ọrụ mmepụta ihe, igwe na-ekpo ọkụ na ụgbọ mmiri nrụgide, ngwa njikwa gas abịakọrọ, nchebe gburugburu ebe obibi, na ihe owuwu.

Ọtụtụ ụkpụrụ bụ afọ ofufo, nke pụtara na ọ nweghị iwu chọrọ itinye ha n'ọrụ. N'agbanyeghị nke ahụ, ịgbaso ụkpụrụ bara uru nye ụlọ ọrụ n'ihi na ọ na-egosi na anwalela ngwaahịa n'onwe ya iji mezuo ụkpụrụ ụfọdụ. Akara CSA bụ akara asambodo edebanyere aha, na enwere ike itinye ya naanị onye nwere ikike ma ọ bụ ikike ọzọ nke CSA nyere ya.

CSA mepụtara usoro CAN/CSA Z299 nke ụkpụrụ mmesi obi ike, nke a ka na-eji taa. Ha bụ ihe ọzọ na usoro ụkpụrụ ịdị mma nke ISO 9000.

Iwu na ụkpụrụ n'ọtụtụ obodo, mpaghara na steeti dị na North America chọrọ ka a nwalee ngwaahịa ụfọdụ ka ọ bụrụ ọkọlọtọ ma ọ bụ otu ụkpụrụ site na ụlọ nyocha nyocha nke mba (NRTL). Ka ọ dị ugbu a, pasentị iri anọ nke ụkpụrụ niile CSA nyere bụ n'ịtụ aka na iwu Canada. Ụlọ ọrụ nwanne CSA CSA International bụ NRTL nke ndị nrụpụta nwere ike ịhọrọ, na-abụkarị n'ihi na iwu nke ikike chọrọ ya, ma ọ bụ onye ahịa na-akọwapụta ya.